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Volcanoes are natural phenomena that form in areas where tectonic plates converge. These plates circulate over magma, the viscous part of the Earth's mantle responsible for the movement of huge rocky blocks. When the pressure and heat in the mantle build up, magma needs to be expelled to the surface. Therefore, cone-shaped cracks are opened for the magma to reach the surface and generate volcanic eruptions. The viscous and extremely hot liquid called magma, when expelled to the surface, is called lava. It is common for these rifts to occur in subduction zones, contact areas of tectonic plates. Lava, derived from magma of basaltic composition, is a set of molten rocks at extremely high temperature.
